Tomato full fertilization plan

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) are native to South America and are widely cultivated in China. Fruits are rich in nutrients and have special flavors. They can be eaten raw, cooked, and processed into tomato sauce. They have a wide range of uses and are loved by consumers. With the development of facility vegetable production, the cultivation area of tomatoes continues to expand and has become one of the main cultivated vegetables in China.

1. The law of tomato fertilizer requirements

(1) The growth stages of tomatoes are divided into germination stage, seedling stage, flowering and fruiting stage, and fruiting stage.

(2) The demand for fertilizer (NPK) throughout the entire growth period

The physiological characteristic of tomatoes is to bloom while bearing fruit, and to harvest continuously. The peak demand for nutrients occurs during the fruiting period. At this stage, it is necessary to coordinate the contradiction between reproductive growth and nutritional growth, prevent premature aging of plants, and timely supplement nutrients.

The fertilizer required for producing 1000kg of tomatoes is 2.8-4.5kg of nitrogen, 0.5-1.0kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 3.9-5.0kg of potassium oxide.

(3) Utilization of Fertilizer (NPK) at Different Growth Stages

Tomatoes mainly absorb nitrogen during the seedling stage and achieve large-scale root growth through timely control. As the stem thickens and grows, the demand for phosphorus and potassium increases. At the beginning of fruiting in the first panicle, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium rapidly increases. The demand for potassium has been continuously increasing since fruit setting, and the potassium absorption during the fruit enlargement period accounts for more than 70% of the total potassium absorption during the entire growth period. It is not until the later stage of harvesting that the absorption of potassium slightly decreases, so it is important to pay attention to supplementing potassium during the fruiting period.

2、 Fertilization plans for each stage

(1) Base fertilizer: Sufficient base fertilizer should be provided to ensure the nutrient requirements for tomato seedling growth and promote the cultivation of strong seedlings. It is recommended to apply decomposed manure+balanced sulfur based fertilizer (17-17-17 or 14-16-15)+soybean bacterial fertilizer, combined with land preparation and tillage, to improve soil and fertility, and create a good soil environment for crop growth.

(2) Seedling stage: It is recommended to combine watering to promote root development and strengthen seedlings.

(3) Flowering and fruiting period: Apply balanced water-soluble fertilizer (19-19-19 or 20-20-20) when the first ear of fruit begins to expand, combined with watering to promote rapid fruit expansion, increase fruit yield, and improve fruit quality.

(4) After each fruit picking, it is recommended to alternate the application of high potassium water-soluble fertilizer (14-14-30 or 18-5-27) and balanced water-soluble fertilizer (20-20-20 or 19-19-19), drip irrigation or flushing, and combine the use of humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (Liguo) to stimulate root vitality, improve the growth activity of the entire plant, promote rapid fruit enlargement, improve fruit quality, prevent early plant aging, and prolong the harvest period.

3、 Key management techniques

(1) When planting seedlings, sterilization and disease prevention treatment should be carried out, which can be done by using fenpropathrin/chloramphenicol/fipronil+prochlor/toluene · azoxystrobin+imidacloprid/thiamethoxam+root dipping.

(2) The use of dipping anthers should adjust the concentration according to temperature: when the external temperature is low, the concentration of dipping anthers should be appropriately increased; If the external temperature is high, adjust the concentration of dipping anthers appropriately.

(3) When applying fertilizer through drip irrigation, first drip clean water for half an hour, then drip fertilizer water, and finally drip clean water for another half an hour.

(4) Pay attention to taking turns using medication, and try not to apply the same medication more than twice in a growing season.

(5) At all times, it is necessary to keep the greenhouse clean, promptly remove weeds, prune and branch plants, and remove diseased leaves, flowers, and fruits.